vocabulary textile industry
The amount shrinkage of a fiber measured in dry air vs. that measured in its saturated state. Contemporary style. A measure of the increase in weight due to the adsorption of water by a fiber vs. its initial dry weight. Various grades of yarn designated by the producer with respect to performance characteristics. A yarn made by twisting fibers around a filament or a previously spun yarn, thus concealing the core. A single filling yarn carried by one trip of the weft-insertion device across the loom. Stitches Per Inch-declares the length of stitches by how many stitches are in an inch. To get you started, this lesson will go over a handful of te… The direction of twist in yarns and other textile strands is indicated by the capital letters S and Z. Yarn is S-twisted if when it is held vertically, the spirals around its central axis slope in the same direction as in the middle portion of the letter S (i.e. Cloth may be formed out of any textile fiber, wire, or material. Industry Vocabulary Telecommunications Speaks In Its Own Language. Visit the Introduction to Textiles & the Textile Industry page to learn more. The weave controls the action of one warp yarn for the passage of one pick. These include such information as style, width, type of weave, or knit, yarns per inch in warp and fill, and weight of goods. It is describes in terms of weight and width of the roll and length of the material on the roll. A wood, paper, or plastic support, cylindrical, or slightly tapered, with or without a conical base, on which yarn is wound. Taffeta fabric usually has a fine cross rib made by using a heavier filling yarn than warp yarn. A term used to describe a plastic that, once formed, will not melt. Woven fabrics 18 inches or more in width. The narrow edge of woven fabric that runs parallel to the warp. Course plain-weave fabric of uneven yarns that have a handspun appearance. A term used to indicate the number of single yarns and the number of strands combined to form each successive unit of plied yarn or cord. The application of a semi-liquid material such as rubber, polyvinyl chloride, or polyurethane to one or both sides of the textile material. In a double rapier machine, the yarn is passed from one rapier to the other in the middle of the fabric. 2. An article or substance of two or more constituents, generally, with reinforcing elements dispersed in a matrix or continuous phase. Also known as specific gravity. A shuttleless loom that uses small, bullet like projectiles to carry the filling yarn through the warp shed. The operation of winding warp yarns onto a beam usually in preparation for slashing, weaving, or warp knitting. A broken filling yarn in a fabric. These fibers are incombustible and will tolerate heat up to 1000°F. Use these terms a starting point for general vocabulary study or students with specific learning needs. for making a pick during weaving. A process for fixing the twist in yarns to deaden torque and to eliminate kinking during further processing. Create your account, Already registered? Fabric rolled up on a core after it has been produced. 1. first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. When a yarn breaks, the wire drops, activating a switch that stops the machine. A slender, strong strand, or cord, especially one designed for sewing, or other needlework. 20 examples: Men working in the textile industry relatively often had a wife with an… Grosgrain. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 2. The cultivation of cotton goes all of the way back to the Indus Valley Civilization, and today we produce 55 billion pounds of cotton every year! © copyright 2003-2021 Study.com. NOS CONSEILS : Il est important de maîtriser le vocabulaire utilisé par les professionnels du secteur textile . Jet Loom. (Both fibre and fiber are used in this article.) 's' : ''}}. There are three basic two-dimensional weaves: plain, satin and twill. Heat resistance can be a quality inherent in a yarn, or it may be imparted by additives or treatment of the resulting fabric. An instrument test method that measures the ability of a fabric to resist rupture by pressure exerted by an inflated diaphragm. The method, or process of interlacing two yarns of similar materials so that they cross each other at right angles to produce woven fabric. A shuttleless loom that employs a jet of water, or air to carry the filling yarn through the shed. A Glossary of Selected Fiber and Textile Terms, (Braiding, Jacquard Loom, Shuttle Loom, etc. The process of applying sizing compounds. A light, tapered tube of wood, metal, paper, or plastic on which the filling yarn is wound for use in the shuttle during weaving. the ability of a dye to retain its color when the dyed or printed textile material is exposed to conditions or agents such as light, perspiration, atmospheric gases, or washing that can remove color. A measure of yarn strength calculated as: 1. A term describing a woven fabric with the same size yarn and the same number of threads per inch in both the warp and the fill direction. Dry combing is the process of combing wool without using an oil. Extruded yarn (filaments), the component molecules of which are substantially unorientated. The spinning solution or melted polymer is forced through the holes to form fiber filaments. A term used to describe how a fabric is supplied. The breaking load of a fabric is the amount of pressure that must be applied in order to tear the fabric. The accumulation of negative or positive electricity on the surface of fibers or fabrics because of inadequate electrical dissipation during processing. A calender essentially consists of two or more heavy rollers, sometimes heated, through which the fabric is passed under heavy pressure. A fastener with nut/To attach something with a bolt. The course should take about a year to complete if you spend around 8 hours each week on it. A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed at least 85% by weight of ethylene, polyethylene, or other olefin unit. Type de révision : Insensible à la casse (Your-Voc = your-voc). a fabric made from fibers of cellulose acetate. acetate rayon. A system, or pattern of intersecting warp and filling yarns. Textile and Clothing Products. A mechanical finishing process for fabrics used to produce special effects, such as high luster, glazing, moiré, and embossed effects. Lubricant. For decoration, the process of colouring yarn or the finished material is dyeing. A term to describe the way a fabric falls while it hangs; the suppleness and ability of a fabric to form graceful configurations. Crocking. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming material is a long chain synthetic polyamide having at least 85% of its amide linkages (-NH-CO-) attached directly to two aromatic rings. These are the subtractive primaries used when mixing dyes and paints to make other colors. Diagonal Flame Test – In this test for flame resistance, a specimen is mounted at a 45° angle and exposed to an open flame for a specific time. One of the three fundamental weaves: plain, satin and twill. Taffeta, Tattersall, Terry, Textile, Thin, Tricot, Tricot, Tulle, Tweed, Twill, Twisted Resistance to fading, i.e. Thread Count and Warp Count. The primary distinction between different types of looms is the manner of filling insertion. In weaving design, a blank square indicating a filling yarn over a warp yarn at the point of insertion. A cylinder of wood or metal, usually with a circular flange on each end, on which warp yarns are wound for slashing, weaving, and warp knitting. 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In countries other than the USA, Denier is replaced by the Tex system. You can test out of the The bolts are well fastened. Process of obtain goods and/or services from a manufacturer either domestically or globally. Quilling. The ratio of turns per inch to the square root of the yarn count. The tensile stress at rupture of a specimen expressed as Newtons per Tex (cN/tex). “The invitation says ‘smart casual’ so you don’t need to wear a suit.”. A generic term for various measurement instruments such as pressure or thickness gauges, also the thickness of a knitting needle, and the number of wales per inch in a knitted fabric. Spun or filament yarns of two generic fibers or two variants of the same generic fiber. Orifice. Migration leading to uniform distribution of dye in a dyed material. Elongation is measured in units of length (inches, millimeters) or calculated as a percentage of the original specimen length. A large flanged roll upon which warp yarn is wound at the beam warper in preparation for slashing. Textile comes from the Latin word, textilis for "woven fabric” and that's exactly what it is. Any heavy, strongly made woven canvas, linen, jute, polyester, nylon, aramid, etc. sales, tarps, tents, awnings, and specialty belts for agricultural machinery, airplanes, and conveyers). A property often used to facilitate dyeing. A fabric so named because it is woven in widths exceeding 29 inches. A mechanical device that counts the picks as they are inserted during weaving. Refers to fibers having less than 1 denier per filament or 0.1 Tex per filament. 1. Sisal is grown and produced around the world, but most commonly in Africa and South America. A general term for yarns used in weaving and knitting, i.e. to the right) and Z twisted if they slope to the left, i.e. Includes free vocabulary trainer, verb tables and pronunciation function. Wool fiber requires a lot of steps to be turned into usable yarn. Cambridge Dictionary +Plus Contrast The space between two adjacent wires of the reed is called a dent. The fabric is held firmly at the edges by pins, or clips on the two chains that diverge as they advance through the heated chamber, adjusting the fabric to the desired width. Technical Textile Dictionary (IT>EN-DE-FR) Entries: 170 : 40. A conical package of yarn, usually wound on a disposable paper core. The architects submitted a blueprint yesterday. It is used in the construction of clothing, home goods, and many other important resources. A method of measuring the resistance of yarn or fabric to a force tending to stretch the specimen in one direction. Manufactured fiber spun from a liquid crystal polymer. 1. Magenta, yellow, and cyan (red, yellow, blue). Pressure Dyeing – Dyeing by means of forced circulation of dye through packages of fiber, yarn, or fabric under pressure. The intent is to protect, or compress the yarn bundle. The open flame is then extinguished and continued flaming time and char-length of the sample are measured. Supersyllabograms are always independent; they always stand alone on … A yarn defect consisting of a lump, or thick place on the yarn caused by lint, or small lengths of yarn adhering to it. A variation of the plain weave in which two or more warp and filling yarns are woven side to side to resemble a plaited basket. A needle loom uses a catch cord system to make a selvage on one edge of the weave and to return the pick after anchoring it within the selvage. A fabric in which the interstices between the yarns are completely filled, as compared to sized or coated materials where the interstices are not completely filled. Nombre de questions à reviser : Inverser le sens de révision (Anglais - Français). 3. A manufactured olefin fiber made from polymers or copolymers of polypropylene. Fill is inserted on the same side of the loom and a tucked selvage is formed. If English-language learners plan to work in an industry, it's crucial for them to learn essential production and manufacturing vocabulary. Here's a quick reference guide to some of the most popular telecommunications industry lingo. A polyamide fiber is a high shrinkage fiber. Extra yarns running in the warp direction through a woven fabric to increase the fabric’s strength and weight. Young’s Modulus. Prepregs are then used by fabricators in laying-up and molding composites after which curing is completed. What is limiting the widespread adoption of smart textiles? The porosity, or the ease with which air passes through material. The face of the fabric consists almost completely of warp, or filling floats produced in the repeat of the weave. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. Grosgrain has a dressy appearance and is used in ribbons, vestments, and ceremonial cloths. A broad term for fabrics used for non-apparel and non-decorative uses. A set of full packages, bobbins, spools, etc. Prefer to listen? The operation of removing full packages, bobbins, spools, etc. The tactile qualities of a fabric, e.g. One factor of a tension test is called the breaking load. Procedures have been developed to assess the flame resistance of fabrics. The amount, or length of a fabric expressed in yards. Lamberti Chemical Glossary (EN-FR-IT-PT) 19. Calendering refers to rolling fabric through huge heated rollers in order to flatten it out and compress the fibers together. A fabric to which a substance such as lacquer, plastic, resin, rubber, or varnish has been applied in firmly adhering layers to provide certain properties, such as water impermeability. To aid in comprehension and memorization, these terms are broken up into related categories of materials, components, production, weaves, and finishes. A class name for various genera of fibers of animal (wool and silk), mineral (asbestos) or vegetable (cotton, flax, and jute).